غزوة وَدَّانَ The Battle of Waddan

 الغزوات The Invasions

معلومة عامة 

في ودان قبر السيدة آمنة أم الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم، وقيل أن أباه عبدالله مدفون هناك أيضًا.

لماذا سميت بهذا الإسم؟ 

وَدَّانَ بِتَشديدِ الدَّالِ ، قِيلَ سُمِّيتْ بذلك لِما كان فيها مِنَ الوَباءِ، و قيل: نسبة لمكان حدوثها في قرية بين المدينة ومكة

التوقيت 

أوَّلُ ما غَزا النَّبيُّ صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم الأَبْواءَ، وحمل اللواء عمه حمزة بن عبد المطلب رضي الله عنه.

عدد المسلمين المشاركين في الغزوة 

60 رجلاً 

سبب الغزوة 

فخرج يعترض عيرا لقريش، وإشعار مشركي يثرب ويهودها وأعراب البادية الضاربين حولها بأن المسلمين أقوياء وأنهم تخلصوا من ضعفهم القديم.

أحداث الغزوة 

قال إسحاقُ: خرج النَّبيُّ صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم غازِيًا بِنَفْسِهِ حتَّى انتَهى إلى وَدَّانَ، وهي الأَبْواءُ. خرج مِنَ المدينةِ على رأسِ اثنيْ عشرَ شهرًا مِن مَقْدَمِهِ المدينةَ يُريدُ قُريشًا، فَوادَعَ بني ضَمْرَةَ بنِ بكرِ بنِ عبدِ مَناةَ، مِن كِنانةَ، وادَعَهُ رَئيسُهم مَخْشِيُّ بنُ عَمرٍو الضَّمْريُّ، ورجع بغيرِ قِتالٍ. وكان النَّبيُّ صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم قد استعمل على المدينةِ سعدَ بنَ عُبادةَ. وقِيلَ: إنَّ النَّبيَّ صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم لمَّا وصل إلى الأَبْواءِ بعَث عُبيدةَ بنَ الحارثِ في سِتِّينَ رجلًا فَلَقوا جمعًا مِن قُريشٍ فتَراموا بالنَّبْلِ، فَرَمى سعدُ بنُ أبي وقَّاصٍ بِسَهمٍ، وكان أوَّلَ مَن رَمى بِسَهمٍ في سَبيلِ الله.، وهي أولى غزوات النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وكانت في السنة الثانية من الهجرة فخرج يعترض عيرا لقريش واستعمل على المدينة سعد بن عبادة، وخرج بالمهاجرين ليس فيه أنصاري، وفي هذه الغزوة وادعته بنو ضمرة وادعه منهم مخشي بن عمرو الضمري ، وكان سيدهم في زمانه ذلك.

وهناك وجدوا بني ضمرة وكان من ضمنهم سيدهم المدعو مخشي بن عمر الضمري

 وقد طلبوا موادعته أي الأمان معه، فكتب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بينه وبين بني ضمرة على أن لا يغزو المسلمين بني ضمرة ولا يغزو بني ضمرة المسلمين، و أن لا يكثروا بني ضمرة علي المسلمين جمعًا ولا يعينوا عليهم عدوًا .

وكان نص المعاهدة مع بني ضمرة

هذا كتاب محمد رسول الله لبني ضمرة بأنهم آمنون على أموالهم وأنفسهم وأن لهم النصر على من رامهم بسوء بشرط أن يحاربوا في دين الله ما بل بحر صوفة وأن النبي إذا دعاهم لنصر أجابوه، عليهم بذلك ذمة الله ورسوله

 ثم انصرف الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى المدينة

 وكانت غيبته خمس عشرة ليلة

نتيجة الغزوة 

1- امضاء معاهدة مع بني ضمرة 

2- لم يقاتل المسلمين ولم يلاقوا كيدا 

General Information

The grave of Aminah, the mother of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), is located in Waddan. It is also said that his father, Abdullah, is buried there.

Why is it called by this name?

Waddan (with a shaddah on the dal) is said to have been named so because of the plague that occurred there, or because it was named after the village between Medina and Mecca where the plague originated.

The Timing

The first expedition led by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was to Al-Abwa', and his uncle, Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib (may God be pleased with him), carried the banner.

The Number of Muslims who participated in the expedition

60 men

The Reason for the Expedition

He set out to intercept a caravan of the Quraysh, and to signal to the polytheists of Yathrib, its Jews, and the Bedouin Arabs who roamed around it that the Muslims were strong and had overcome their former weakness.

The Events of the Expedition

Ishaq said: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, personally led an expedition until he reached Waddan, which is al-Abwa'. He departed from Medina twelve months after his arrival there, intending to confront the Quraysh. He made a treaty with the Banu Damrah ibn Bakr ibn Abd Manat, of the Kinanah tribe. Their leader, Makhshi ibn Amr al-Damri, made the treaty with him, and he returned without fighting. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had appointed Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah as governor of Medina. It is said that when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) reached al-Abwa', he sent 'Ubaydah ibn al-Harith with sixty men. They encountered a group of Quraysh and exchanged arrows. Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas shot an arrow, becoming the first to shoot an arrow in the cause of God. This was the first expedition of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), taking place in the second year of the Hijra. He set out to intercept a Quraysh caravan, appointing Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah as governor of Medina. He led the Muhajirun (immigrants) with no Ansar (helpers). During this expedition, the Banu Damrah tribe made a pact with him, and among them was Makhshi ibn 'Amr al-Damri, who was their leader at that time.

There they found the Banu Damrah, among whom was their leader, Makhshi ibn Umar al-Damri

They requested a truce with him, meaning they sought his protection. So, the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) wrote a treaty between him and the Banu Damrah, stipulating that the Muslims would not attack the Banu Damrah, nor would the Banu Damrah attack the Muslims. Furthermore, the Banu Damrah would not gather forces against the Muslims, nor would they aid any enemy against them.

The text of the treaty with the Banu Damrah was as follows

This is a letter from Muhammad, the Messenger of God, to the Banu Damrah, stating that they are safe in their persons and property, and that they will be victorious against anyone who intends them harm, on the condition that they fight in the cause of God as long as the sea is wet with wool, and that if the Prophet calls upon them for help, they will respond. They are bound by the covenant of God and His Messenger.

Then the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) returned to Medina

His absence lasted fifteen nights

The results of the expedition

1- A treaty was concluded with the Banu Damrah.

2- The Muslims did not fight, nor did they encounter any treachery.