سيدنا أبو بكر الصديق -Our master Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq - may God be pleased with him - Part One
الخلفاء الراشدين الأربع رضي الله عنهم The four Rightly Guided Caliphs, may God be pleased with them
الإسم
اسمه عبد الله - ويقال عتيق بن أبي قحافة عثمان بن عامر بن عمرو بن كعب بن سعد بن تيم بن مرة بن كعب بن لؤي القرشي التيمي رضي الله عنه
الولادة والنشأة
وُلد في مكة المكرمة سنة 573م بعد عام الفيل بسنتين وستة أشهر
أبوه
«أبو قحافة عثمان بن عامر بن عمرو بن كعب بن سعد بن تيم بن مرة التيمي القرشي»
أمه
أم الخير سلمى بنت صخر
علاقته برسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم
مؤنسه في الغار، وصدِّيقه الأكبر، ووزيره الأحزم، يلتقي مع النبي محمد في الجد السادس مرة بن كعب
الألقاب
العتيق
أي عتيق الله من النار، وقيل أن سبب تلقيبه بالعتيق لأنه كان جميل الوجه، وقيل لأنه قديمٌ في فعل الخير
الصِديق
لماذا لُقب سيدنا أبو بكر بهذا اللقب؟ قال تعالي ﴿ وَمَن يُطِعِ اللَّهَ وَالرَّسُولَ فَأُولَٰئِكَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِم مِّنَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَالصِّدِّيقِينَ وَالشُّهَدَاءِ وَالصَّالِحِينَ ۚ وَحَسُنَ أُولَٰئِكَ رَفِيقًا﴾ [ النساء: 69] فأعلى مرتبة يصل إليها أتباعُ الأنبياء أن يكونوا صِدِّيقِينَ، والصديقية معناها: قال القرطبي رحمه الله: "الصِّدِّيقُ: فِعِّيلٌ، الْمُبالِغُ فِي الصِّدْقِ أو في التَّصْدِيقِ، وَالصِّدِّيقُ هو الذي يُحَقِّقُ بِفِعْلِهِ مَا يَقُولُ بِلِسانِهِ، وسُمي سيدنا ابو بكر بالصِديق: عندما أخبر النبي محمد الناس عن حادثة الإسراء والمعراج، جاء بعضهم إلى أبو بكر ليشككوه في صدق النبي. فأجابهم بأنه يصدق النبي في كل ما يقوله، حتى في الأمور التي تبدو بعيدة عن المنطق، مثل الإسراء إلى بيت المقدس في ليلة واحدة. قال: "لئن كان قال ذلك لقد صدق، إني لأصدقه فيما هو أبعد من ذلك"
الصاحب
وود ذلك في القرآن الكريم في قوله تعالى: {إِذْ يَقُولُ لِصَاحِبِهِ لَا تَحْزَنْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَنَا} ، والصاحب في هذه الآية هو أبو بكر -رضي الله عنه-
أوَّلُ الخُلفاء الراشدين
أحد العشَرة المُبشَّرين بالجنَّة
وزيرُ الرسول محمد ﷺ وصاحبه، ورفيقه عند هجرته إلى المدينة المنوَّرة
عمله قبل الإسلام في التجارة
1- كان بحكم عمله التجاري كثير الأسفار، قطع الفيافي والصحاري، والمدن والقرى في الجزيرة العربية، وتنقل من شمالها إلى جنوبها، ومن شرقها إلى غربها، واتصل اتصالاً وثيقاً بأصحاب الديانات المختلفة ، لذا: كان إسلام أبي بكر وليد رحلة طويلة في البحث عن الدين الذي يراه الحق، والذي ينسجم برأيه مع الفطرة السليمة ويلبي رغباتها
2- كان أبو بكر والزبير تاجرين، وقد انشغلا بالجهاد والدعوة مع النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، وقد ذكر قيامهما بالتجارة في مسند الطيالسي والاستيعاب لابن عبد البر
إسلامه - رضي الله عنه وأرضاه -
أسلم أبو بكر الصديق مبكرًا دون تردد لما عرفه من صدق النبي ﷺ وأمانته، وكان أول من أسلم من الرجال الأحرار، رافق النبي ﷺ في الهجرة إلى المدينة المنورة، وكان ثاني الاثنين في الغار، وشارك في جميع الغزوات، بما فيها بدر وأحد
مناقبه – رضي الله عنه - للإسلام والمسلمين
عمله بالدعوة الفردية لله تعالي
بعد اعتناقه الدين الإسلامي، بدأ الصديق يدعو إلى دينه الجديد مَن وثق به من قومه، فأسلم على يديه (ستة من العشرة المبشرين بالجنة) فانطلقوا إلى النبي محمد ومعهم أبوبكر، فعرض عليهم الإسلام وقرأ عليهم القرآن وأنبأهم بحق الإسلام فآمنوا، بل وأصبحوا من العشرة الذين بشرهم النبي بالجنة في حياتهم. وهم:
الزبير بن العوام
عثمان بن عفان
طلحة بن عبيد الله
سعد بن أبي وقاص
عبدالرحمن بن عوف
هجرته إلي المدينة مع رسول الله - صلي الله عليه وسلم -
لما اشتد البلاء على المسلمين بعد بيعة العقبة الثانية، أذن الرسولُ محمد لأصحابه بالهجرة إلى المدينة المنورة، فجعلوا يخرجون ويُخفون ذلك، فنزلوا على الأنصار في دورهم فآووهم ونصروهم، وأقام النبي محمد بمكة بعد أصحابه من المهاجرين ينتظر أن يُؤذن له في الهجرة، ولم يتخلف معه بمكة إلا من حُبس أو فُتن، إلا علي بن أبي طالب وأبو بكر
خوخة أبي بكر الصديق رضي الله عنه
وما جاء في فضلها ،الخوخة واحدة الخوخ والخوخة كوة في البيت تؤدي إليه الضوء والخوخة مخترق ما بين كل دارين لم ينصب عليها باب بلغة أهل الحجاز وعم به بعضهم فقال هي مخترق ما بين كل شيئين وفي الحديث لا تبقى خوخة في المسجد إلا سدت غير خوخة أبي بكر الصديق رضي الله عنه وفي حديث آخر إلا خوخة علي رضوان الله عليه هي باب صغير كالنافذة الكبيرة تكون بين بيتين ينصب عليها باب قال الليث وناس يسمون هذه الأبواب التي تسميها العجم بنحرقات خوخات، وقد أطلق عليها بعض العلماء باب الصديق، وكانت في غربي المسجد بعد العمود الأخير من حد مسجد النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ، وبما أن خوخة الصديق وداره أصبحتا من المسجد النبوي فقد فتح إلى الغرب من مكانها فتحة وكتب عليها اسم (خوخة أبي بكر الصديق) وهي الفتحة الجنوبية من فتحات باب الصديقK ومثال باب خوخته باب خزانة لبعض حواصل المسجد إذا دخلت من باب السلام كانت على يسارك قريباً من الباب وذلك لأن أهل المنازل الملاصقة للمسجد قد جعلوا لبيوتهم مخترقا يمرون فيه إلى المسجد أو كوة ينظرون منها إليه فأمر بسدها وترك خوخة أبي بكر إعظاما له ثم رمز للناس في ضمن ذلك إلى شأن الخلافة
موقفه رضي الله عنه من حادثة الإفك في حق ابنته الصغيرة - السيدة عائشة - رضي الله عنها وأرضاها -
موقف أبي بكر رضي الله عنه من حادثة الإفك (مع رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم)
لما جاء رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى بيت أبي بكر رضي الله عنه ليكلم عائشة ، فطلب من أبويها أن يجيبا رسول الله هاباه ولم يجدا ما يقولانه .
موقف أبي بكر رضي الله عنه من حادثة الإفك (مع مسطح بن أثاثة) ابن اخته
أظهر أبي بكر الصديق رضي الله عنه تحيزا واضحا إلى ابنته وزوجها صديقه وحبيبه صلى الله عليه وسلم ، فقد غضب على مسطح وأقسم أن يقطع عنه نفقة كان يؤديها له ، لوما نزل قوله تعالى : {وَلَا يَأْتَلِ أُوْلُوا الْفَضْلِ مِنكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ أَن يُؤْتُوا أُوْلِي الْقُرْبَى وَالْمَسَاكِينَ وَالْمُهَاجِرِينَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَلْيَعْفُوا وَلْيَصْفَحُوا أَلَا تُحِبُّونَ أَن يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ } فرجع عن قوله و عفا عن مسطح وأعاد له النفقة
بكائه رضي الله عنه عند نعي رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم لنفسه
فعن أبي سعيد الخدري قال خطب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال إن الله خير عبداً بين الدنيا وبين ما عنده فاختار ما عند الله فبكى أبو بكر رضي الله عنه فقلت في نفسي ما يبكي هذا الشيخ إن يكن الله خير عبدا بين الدنيا وبين ما عنده فاختار ما عند الله فكان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم هو العبد وكان أبو بكر أعلمنا قال يا أبا بكر لا تبك إن أمن الناس علي في صحبته وماله أبو بكر ولو كنت متخذا خليلا من أمتي لاتخذت أبا بكر ولكن أخوة الإسلام ومودته لا يبقين في المسجد باب إلا سد إلا باب أبي بكر
وفي رواية ابن عباس - رضي الله عنه -
وعن ابن عباس قال خرج رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في مرضه الذي مات فيه عاصبا رأسه بخرقة فقعد على المنبر فحمد الله وأثنى عليه ثم قال إنه ليس من الناس أحد أمن علي في نفسه وماله من أبي بكر بن أبي قحافة ولو كنت متخذاً من الناس خليلاً لاتخذت أبا بكر خليلاً ولكن خلة الإسلام أفضل سدوا عني كل خوخة في هذا المسجد غير خوخة أبي بكر
منقبته رضي الله عنه عند وفاة رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم
أول من احتاط في قبول الأخبار
وهذا كان بسبب حديث رسول الله: روى الإمام أحمد في (مسنده) بإسناد صحيح أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: "إن كذبًا علي ليس ككذبٍ على أحدٍ، ألا ومن كذب علي متعمدًا فليتبوأ مقعده من النار".
الموقف الأول
قد روى أصحاب السنن عن قبيصة بن ذؤيب أنه قال جاءت الجدة إلى أبى بكر الصديق تسأله ميراثها، فقال: ما لكِ في كتاب الله تعالى شيء، وما علمتُ لكِ في سنة نبي الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - شيئًا فارجعي حتى أسأل الناس [يعني أصحاب رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم -] فسأل الناس، فقال المغيرة بن شعبة: حضرت رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - أعطاها السدسَ. فقال أبو بكر: هل معك غيرك؟ فقام محمد بن مسلمة فقال مثل ما قال المغيرة بن شعبة، فأنفذه لها أبو بكر، (وهو بذلك يؤسس لمنهجٍ في النقل والرواية يقوم على التثبت والاحتياط وعدم التساهل)
الموقف الثاني
وقد ذكر الإمام الذهبي في (تذكرة الحفاظ) أن أبا بكر الصديق - رضي الله تعالى عنه - حدَّثَ رجلاً حديثًا، فاستفهمه الرجل إياه، [أي: كأن الرجل استغرب كلام الصدِّيق واستنكره فقال أبو بكر: "هو كما حدثتُك، أي أرض تُقِلُّني إذا أنا قلت ما لم أعلم؟"
His Name
His name was Abdullah - also known as Atiq ibn Abi Quhafah Uthman ibn Amir ibn Amr ibn Ka'b ibn Sa'd ibn Taym ibn Murrah ibn Ka'b ibn Lu'ayy al-Qurashi al-Taymi (may God be pleased with him).
His Birth and Upbringing
He was born in Mecca in 573 CE, two years and six months after the Year of the Elephant.
His Father
Abu Quhafah Uthman ibn Amir ibn Amr ibn Ka'b ibn Sa'd ibn Taym ibn Murrah al-Taymi al-Qurashi
His Mother
Umm al-Khayr Salma bint Sakhr
His Relationship with the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him)
He was the Prophet's companion in the cave, his closest confidant, and his most trusted advisor. His lineage connects with that of the Prophet Muhammad through their sixth ancestor, Murrah ibn Ka'b.
His Physical Characteristics
Abu Bakr al-Siddiq was handsome, fair-skinned, slender, with a light beard, prominent veins, and a high forehead.
His Moral Characteristics
He was among the wealthiest of the Quraysh during the pre-Islamic era. He was the most knowledgeable of the Quraysh regarding their genealogies (what is known today as "genealogy," a type of intuition). He was distinguished by his truthfulness, trustworthiness, humility, mercy, and generosity. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) described him as the most merciful of his nation towards his people, and he was beloved among his people for his high standing and noble character.
The Ahlus Sunnah wal Jama'ah (Sunni Muslims) consider him the best of people after the prophets and messengers, the most faithful and ascetic of the Companions, and the most beloved of men to the Prophet Muhammad. Abu Bakr's name is usually followed by the title As-Siddiq (the Truthful), a title bestowed upon him by the Prophet Muhammad due to his unwavering belief in him.
His Titles
Al-Atiq (the Freed One)
Meaning, freed by God from Hellfire. It is also said that he was called Al-Atiq because of his handsome face, and some say because he was long-standing in doing good deeds.
As-Siddiq (the Truthful One)
Why was our master Abu Bakr given this title? Allah Almighty says: {And whoever obeys Allah and the Messenger - those will be with the ones upon whom Allah has bestowed favor - of the prophets, the steadfast affirmers of truth, the martyrs, and the righteous. And excellent are those as companions.} [An-Nisa: 69] The highest rank attained by the followers of the prophets is that of the steadfast affirmers of truth. The meaning of steadfastness, as Al-Qurtubi (may Allah have mercy on him) said, is: “The steadfast affirmer is one who is extremely truthful or who affirms the truth. The steadfast affirmer is he who proves with his actions what he says with his tongue. Our master Abu Bakr was called the steadfast affirmer when…” The Prophet Muhammad told people about the Isra and Mi'raj (Night Journey and Ascension). Some people came to Abu Bakr to question the Prophet's truthfulness. He replied that he believed the Prophet in everything he said, even in matters that seemed illogical, such as the journey to Jerusalem in one night. He said, "If he said that, then he spoke the truth. I believe him in matters even more improbable than that."
The Companion
This is mentioned in the Holy Quran in the verse: {When he said to his companion, "Do not grieve; indeed, Allah is with us."} (Quran 6:104). The companion in this verse is Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him).
The first of the Rightly Guided Caliphs
One of the ten promised Paradise
The minister and companion of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), and his companion during his migration to Medina
His Pre-Islamic Work in Trade
1- Due to his trade, he traveled extensively, traversing deserts, cities, and villages throughout the Arabian Peninsula, moving from north to south and from east to west. He had close contact with people of different faiths. Therefore, Abu Bakr's conversion to Islam was the culmination of a long journey in search of the religion he considered true, the one that, in his opinion, aligned with sound human nature and fulfilled its desires.
2- Abu Bakr and Zubayr were merchants who were also engaged in jihad and spreading the message of Islam alongside the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Their involvement in trade is mentioned in Musnad al-Tayalisi and al-Isti'ab by Ibn Abd al-Barr.
His Conversion to Islam - May God be pleased with him -
Abu Bakr al-Siddiq embraced Islam early and without hesitation, recognizing the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) truthfulness and trustworthiness. He was the first free man to convert. He accompanied the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on the Hijra to Medina, was the second of the two in the cave, and participated in all the battles, including Badr and Uhud.
Abu Bakr al-Siddiq's wives and his six children from them:
1- Qutaylah bint Abd al-Uzza
There is disagreement regarding her conversion to Islam. She bore him Abdullah and Asma. Abu Bakr divorced her during the pre-Islamic era. After his conversion, she brought gifts for her daughter in Medina, but Asma refused to accept them because he was a non-Muslim. She then asked the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), "My mother has come to me, and she is eager to see me. Should I maintain ties with her?" He replied, "Yes, maintain ties with your mother." (Narrated by al-Bukhari)
His children, may God be pleased with them, from her:
- Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr al-Siddiq
He is Abdullah ibn Abdullah, the full brother of Asma bint Abi Bakr - may God be pleased with them both. It is known that when he was a young man, he would stay overnight at Abu Bakr's house and in the early morning he would go out to the Quraysh and bring news of them to the Messenger - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him - when the Messenger - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him - and his father Abu Bakr - may God be pleased with him - emigrated to Medina.
- Asma bint Abi Bakr al-Siddiq
She is Asma bint Abi Bakr al-Siddiq - may God be pleased with them both - known as Umm Abdullah. She was the sister of the mother of the Believers, Aisha, the wife of the Messenger - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him - and was ten years older than her. She was known for her eloquence and was called Dhat al-Nitaqayn (the one with two belts). This is because she prepared food for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and her father when they migrated to Medina, and she tore her belt to tie the food with it.
2- Umm Ruman bint 'Amir ibn 'Uwaymir
From the Banu Kinanah tribe, her husband died in Mecca, and she married Abu Bakr (may God be pleased with him). She bore him 'Abd al-Rahman and 'A'ishah (may God be pleased with them). Umm Ruman embraced Islam early, pledged allegiance to the Prophet, and died in Medina during the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the sixth year of the Hijra.
His children, may God be pleased with him, from her
- Abdur-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr As-Siddiq
Abdur-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr may God be pleased with them both, and his mother was Umm Ruman bint Amir bint Al-Harith ibn Al-Huwayrith, may God be pleased with her. He was the brother of Lady Aisha, the Mother of the Believers, may God be pleased with her. He was called Abd Al-Uzza, but the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him, named him Abdur-Rahman. He was also known as Abu Uthman.
- Aisha bint Abi Bakr As-Siddiq
Aisha bint Abi Bakr, may God be pleased with them both, was born in the ninth year before the Hijra. Her mother was Umm Ruman bint Amir bint Uwaymir Al-Kinaniyya. She was also known as Umm Abdullah and the mother of the Believers, may God be pleased with her. She did not live during the pre-Islamic era. Having learned about religion and Islam from her parents from a young age, she married the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at the age of seven and consummated the marriage when she was nine. Aisha (may God be pleased with her) was the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) most beloved wife. She narrated a large number of hadiths and was the most knowledgeable of the Muslim women in matters of religion and etiquette. After the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) death, Aisha (may God be pleased with her) spent the rest of her life as a primary source of guidance for those seeking answers and a role model in all aspects of life. It is well-known that many prominent scholars and companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) consulted her on numerous difficult matters.
3- Asma bint Umays
Umm Ma'bad was among the first female emigrants. She embraced Islam early, before entering Dar al-Arqam. Her husband, Ja'far ibn Abi Talib, took her to Abyssinia and then to Medina. After Ja'far was martyred at the Battle of Mu'tah, she married Abu Bakr and gave birth to Muhammad in Dhu al-Hulayfah during the Farewell Pilgrimage.
His children, may God be pleased with him, included:
Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr al-Siddiq
Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr may God be pleased with them both, nicknamed Abu al-Qasim, was born between Mecca and Medina in the tenth year of the Hijra, during the Farewell Pilgrimage. He was raised by Ali ibn Abi Talib, may God be pleased with him, after Ali married his mother following the death of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may God be pleased with him. Muhammad, may God be pleased with him, held a special place in the heart of Ali ibn Abi Talib, may God be pleased with him.
4- Habiba bint Kharija ibn Zayd al-Ansari al-Khazrajiyya
She gave birth to Umm Kulthum bint Abi Bakr after his death. Al-Siddiq resided with her in As-Sunh.
His children, may God be pleased with him, from her
Umm Kulthum bint Abi Bakr al-Siddiq
Umm Kulthum was born after the death of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may God be pleased with him. She was known as Umm Aisha, and she was a female companion of the Prophet. A hadith narrated by her is found in the Book of Marriage. Umm Kulthum narrated several hadiths from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him.
His virtues – may God be pleased with him – for Islam and Muslims
His work in individual da'wah (invitation to Islam)
After embracing Islam, Abu Bakr began inviting those among his people whom he trusted to his new faith. Six of the ten promised Paradise embraced Islam at his hands. They went to the Prophet Muhammad, accompanied by Abu Bakr, who presented Islam to them, recited the Quran, and informed them of its truth. They believed and became among the ten whom the Prophet promised Paradise during their lifetimes. They are:
Al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam
Uthman ibn Affan
Talha ibn Ubayd Allah
Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas
Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf
His migration to Medina with the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him)
When the persecution of the Muslims intensified after the Second Pledge of Aqaba, the Messenger Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) permitted his companions to migrate to Medina. They began to leave, keeping their departure secret, and stayed with the Ansar (Helpers) in their homes, who sheltered and supported them. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) remained in Mecca after his companions, the Muhajirun (emigrants), awaiting permission to migrate. Only those who were imprisoned or persecuted remained with him in Mecca, except for Ali ibn Abi Talib and Abu Bakr.
His stance may God be pleased with him, regarding the slander incident concerning his young daughter, Aisha, may God be pleased with her.
Abu Bakr's stance, may God be pleased with him, regarding the slander incident (with the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him):
When the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, came to Abu Bakr's house, may God be pleased with him, to speak to Aisha, he asked her parents to answer him. They were afraid and had nothing to say.
Abu Bakr's (may God be pleased with him) stance on the slander incident (with Mistah ibn Uthatha), his nephew
Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (may God be pleased with him) showed clear bias towards his daughter and her husband, his friend and beloved Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He was angry with Mistah and swore to cut off the financial support he had been providing him, until the revelation of the verse: {And let not those of you who possess abundance and wealth swear not to give to the relatives, the needy, and the emigrants for the cause of Allah, and let them pardon and overlook. Would you not like that Allah should forgive you? And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.} He then retracted his statement, pardoned Mistah, and resumed the financial support.His virtues – may God be pleased with him – for Islam and Muslims
His work in individual da'wah (invitation to Islam)
After embracing Islam, Abu Bakr began inviting those among his people whom he trusted to his new faith. Six of the ten promised Paradise embraced Islam at his hands. They went to the Prophet Muhammad, accompanied by Abu Bakr, who presented Islam to them, recited the Quran, and informed them of its truth. They believed and became among the ten whom the Prophet promised Paradise during their lifetimes. They are:
Al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam
Uthman ibn Affan
Talha ibn Ubayd Allah
Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas
Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf
His migration to Medina with the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him)
When the persecution of the Muslims intensified after the Second Pledge of Aqaba, the Messenger Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) permitted his companions to migrate to Medina. They began to leave, keeping their departure secret, and stayed with the Ansar (Helpers) in their homes, who sheltered and supported them. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) remained in Mecca after his companions, the Muhajirun (emigrants), awaiting permission to migrate. Only those who were imprisoned or persecuted remained with him in Mecca, except for Ali ibn Abi Talib and Abu Bakr.
His weeping, may God be pleased with him, when the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, announced his own death
On the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, he said: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, delivered a sermon, saying, "God gave a servant the choice between this world and what is with Him, and he chose what is with God." Abu Bakr, may God be pleased with him, wept. I said to myself, "Why is this old man weeping? If God gave a servant the choice between this world and what is with Him, and he chose what is with God, then the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, was that servant, and Abu Bakr was the most knowledgeable among us." He said, "O Abu Bakr, do not weep. The most generous of people to me in his companionship and wealth is Abu Bakr. If I were to take a close friend from among my nation, I would have taken Abu Bakr. But the brotherhood of Islam and its affection mean that no door in the mosque should remain open except the door of Abu Bakr."
And in the narration of Ibn Abbas, may God be pleased with him
And in another narration
Umar said: Is this verse in the Qur’an? By God, I did not know that this verse was revealed before today. God Almighty said to Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him: *“Indeed, you will die, and indeed, they will die [Az-Zumar: 30] And God Almighty said: *“Everything will perish except His Face. His is the judgment, and to Him you will be returned.” * [Ar-Rahman: 26-27] And He Almighty said: *“Everyone upon it will perish, and there will remain the Face of your Lord, Owner of Majesty and Honor.” * [Al-Qasas: 88] And He said: Every soul will taste death, and you will only be given your full recompense on the Day of Resurrection. So, whoever is removed from the Fire and admitted to Paradise has certainly attained success. And what is the life of this world except the enjoyment of delusion.” * [Al Imran: 144] So fear God, O people, and hold fast to your religion and rely upon your Lord, for the religion of God is established, and the word of God is complete, and God is the supporter of those who support Him and the strengthener of His religion, and the Book of God is among us, and it is the light and the cure. And with-it God guided Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, to what God has made lawful and unlawful. And by God, we do not care who brings against us from among God’s creation. Indeed, God’s swords are drawn, we have not put them down yet, and we will fight whoever opposes us as we fought with the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, so let no one transgress except against himself.
His role in equipping the Army of Hardship
Our noble Messenger called upon the Companions to equip the House of Hardship (Bayt al-Asrah). The first to participate in its preparation was the Companion Uthman ibn Affan. A large number of Companions also participated in equipping the Army of Hardship and spent much of their wealth in the cause of God. Among the group of Companions was Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may God be pleased with him), who was among those who hastened to equip the Army of Hardship. Abu Bakr al-Siddiq contributed four thousand dirhams. Amr ibn al-Khattab said, "I brought half of my wealth, and the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) said, 'What have you left for your family?' I said the same. Abu Bakr brought all that he had, and he said, 'O Abu Bakr, what have you left for your family?' He said, 'I have left them God and His Messenger.' I said—meaning our master Umar ibn al-Khattab—'No I never precede him in anything.
His stance – may God be pleased with him – when a disagreement arose between the Prophet and Aisha – may God be pleased with them both –
He said to her, “Whom do you accept as an arbitrator between us? Would you accept Umar?” She said, “I would never accept Umar; he is harsh.” He said, “Would you accept your father as an arbitrator between us?” She said, “Yes.” So, the Messenger of God sent a messenger to Abu Bakr. When he arrived, the messenger said, “Will you speak, or shall I?” She said, “Speak, but say nothing but the truth.” Abu Bakr raised his hand and slapped her nose. Aisha turned away from him and took refuge behind the Prophet, until the Messenger of God said to him, “I adjure you to come out, for we did not summon you for this.” When he left, Aisha stood up, and the Messenger said to her, “Come closer to me.” But she refused. He smiled and said, “She used to cling to my back”—a reference to her seeking refuge behind him, fearing her father’s blows. When Abu Bakr returned and found them laughing, he said, “Include me in your greeting, just as you included me in your conflict.” (Narrated by Al-Hafiz Al-Dimashqi)
When the wives of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, asked for money, and Aisha was among them - may God be pleased with them all -
Ahmad ibn Sulayman ibn Dawud, Abu Abdullah al-Tusi, told us, al-Zubayr ibn Bakkar told us, he said: Abd al-Jabbar ibn Saeed al-Masahiqi told me, Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi al-Zinad told us, on the authority of Musa ibn Uqba, on the authority of Abu al-Zubayr, on the authority of Jabir ibn Ubayd Allah, he said: Abu Bakr sought permission to enter upon the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, and he found the people barred from his door, and no one had been granted permission. So permission was granted to Abu Bakr, and he entered. Then Umar ibn al-Khattab came and sought permission, and he was granted permission. He found the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, sitting with his wives around him, and the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, was looking downcast. Umar said, “By God, I will joke with the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, and I will say something to make him laugh.” He said, “O Messenger of God! If you had seen the daughter of Kharija, she asked me a moment ago for money, so I went to her and slapped her in the neck.” The Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, laughed, then said, "They are all around me, as you see, asking me for money." Abu Bakr then went to Aisha and struck her on the neck, and Umar went to Hafsa and struck her on the neck, both saying, "Why are you asking the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, for what he does not have?" They replied, "By God, we will never ask the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, for what he does not have
The First to take Caution in Accepting News
This was due to a hadith of the Messenger of God: Imam Ahmad narrated in his Musnad, with a sound chain of transmission, that the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Lying about me is not like lying about anyone else. Whoever deliberately lies about me, let him take his place in Hellfire.”
The First Incident
The compilers of the Sunan narrated on the authority of Qubaysah ibn Dhu’ayb that he said: A grandmother came to Abu Bakr as-Siddiq asking him for her inheritance. He said: “You have no share in the Book of God, nor do I know of any share for you in the Sunnah of the Prophet of God, peace and blessings be upon him. Go back until I ask the people [meaning the Companions of the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him].” So, he asked the people, and al-Mughirah ibn Shu’bah said: “I was present when the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, gave her one-sixth.” Abu Bakr said: “Is there anyone else with you?” Then Muhammad ibn Maslamah stood up and said the same as al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah, and Abu Bakr carried it out for her. (In doing so, he established a methodology in transmission and narration based on verification, caution, and strict adherence to the rules.)
The second incident
Imam al-Dhahabi mentioned in his book "Tadhkirat al-Huffaz" that Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may God be pleased with him) related a hadith to a man, who then questioned it. [That is, the man seemed surprised by al-Siddiq's statement and objected to it. Abu Bakr replied, "It is as I told you. What land would bear me if I said something I did not know?
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