السيدة فاطمة رضي الله عنها The Lady Fatima, may God be pleased with her
الإسم
فاطمة بنت محمد رسول الله ﷺ بن عبد الله بن عبد المطلب بن هاشم
ترتيبها بين أخواتها رضي الله عنهن أجمعين
فاطمة، هي صغرى بنات النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم
ألقابها الشريفة
الزهراء
قال النووي رحمه الله : ( أَزْهَر اللَّوْن ) هُوَ الْأَبْيَض الْمُسْتَنِيرالمُشرب بحمرة , وَهِيَ أَحْسَن الْأَلْوَان "
البتول
قال ابن حجر في الفتح: وقيل لفاطمة البتول إما لانقطاعها عن الأزواج غير علي أو لانقطاعها عن نظرائها في الحسن والشرف.
من ضمن أربعة نساء من خير نساء العالمين
عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه عن رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم أنه قال: (- خيرُ نساءِ العالمينَ أربعٌ : مريمُ بنتُ عمرانَ ، وآسيةُ بنتُ مزاحمٍ امرأةُ فرعونَ ، وخديجةُ بنتُ خويلدٍ ، وفاطمةُ بنتُ محمدٍ) المحدث: القرطبي في التفسير
أم أبيها
لأنّها كانت لأبيها بمنزلة الاُمّ في الحنان والعطف، والسعي في قضاء حوائجه، وخدمته وتلبية رغباته، وقد فقد النبي صلّى الله عليه وآله والدته في طفولته، فعوّضه الله تعالى عن حنان الاُمّ وعطوفتها بحنان فاطمة عليها السلام، فكان صلوات الله عليه يجد منها العطف والرقة والشفقة والأنس، فكانت بمثابة أمه من هذه الناحية.
أمها
أم المؤمنين/ السيدة خديجة بنت خويلد رضي الله عنها وأرضاها
الولادة
ولدت قبل بعثة النبي ﷺ بـ (5) سنوات، فلما بُعِثَ رسول الله ﷺ أسلمت ولم تعرف شركاً، ومثلها أخواتها بنات النبي ﷺ اللاتي لم يعرفن الشِرك أبداً.
حياتها الشريفة رضي الله عنها مع سيدنا علي ابن أبي طالب - رضي الله عنه -
خطبتها لعلي ابن ابي طالب دون كبار الصحابة رضوان الله عليهم
عندما كبرت فاطمة وأصبحت في سن الزواج، وبدأ الخطاب يطلبوها من رسول الله ﷺ كل يريد نيل الشرف بمصاهرة رسول الله ﷺ،فتقدم لها أبو بكر الصديق ليخطبها لكن رسول الله ﷺ رده رداً رقيقاً، وطلبها عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه، فرده رسول الله ﷺ رداً لطيفاً، وكان علي كرم الله وجهه يطمع في الزواج من فاطمة، لكنه لم يكن يملُك المال، إلا أن البعض شجّعه على الطلب، فدخل إلى رسول الله ﷺ وجلس فلم يتكلم، وأطال الصمت حياءً من رسول الله ﷺ، فسأله النبي الكريم: أجئت تخطب فاطمة؟ قال: نعم، فقال: هل عندك من مهر؟ فقال: ليس عندي شيء، فقال النبي ﷺ: أين درعك التي غنمتها في بدر؟ قال: هي عندي، فقال النبي: فهذا مهرها)، كان رسول الله ﷺ يبحث عن أي شيء ليقدمه علي مهراً لفاطمة، وتم هذا الزواج المبارك، ولمّا سَمِعَ علي -رضي الله عنه- جواب النبيّ سجد شُكراً لله -تعالى-؛ لِما تفضّل الله وامتنّ به عليه من مصاهرته لنبيّه، ودعا لهما النبيّ بالبركة، والذرّية الطيّبة. وشهد على زواجهما جمعٌ من الصحابة، منهم: أبو بكر الصدّيق، وعمر بن الخطّاب، وعثمان بن عفّان، وطلحة بن عُبيدالله، والزُّبير من المهاجرين، وغيرهم من أنصار الصحابة.
صفة بيت الزوجية كما يصفها علي ابن ابي طالب رضي الله عنهما
لقد تزوّجت فاطمة وما لي ولها فراش غير جلد كبش ننام عليه بالليل، ونعلف عليه الناضح بالنهار، وما لي ولها خادم غيرها
كانت فاطمة تعيش في حياة شظفٍ مليئة بالتعب الشديد
فلم تكن تعيش حياةً منعمةً مترفة، فقد جاءت يوماً تشكو إلى رسول الله ﷺ تشقق يديها من كثرة العمل، وهي بنت رسول الله ﷺ حاكم الدولة الإسلامية، وليس عندها خادم واحد، يروي القصة علي كرم الله وجهه فيقول: (إن فاطمة عليها السلام أتت النبي ﷺ تشكو إليه ما تلقى في يدها من الرحى، وبلغها أنه جاءه رقيق، فلم تصادفه، فذكرت ذلك لعائشة، فلما جاء أخبرته عائشة، قال: فجاءنا وقد أخذنا مضاجعنا، فذهبنا نقوم، فقال: (على مكانكما) فجاء فقعد بيني وبينها، حتى وجدت برد قدميه على بطني، فقال: (ألا أدلكما على خيرٍ مما سألتما؟ إذا أخذتما مضاجعكما – أو أويتما إلى فراشكما – فسبحا ثلاثاً وثلاثين، واحمدا ثلاثاً وثلاثين، وكبرا أربعاً وثلاثين، فهو خيرٌ لكما من خادم) [البخاري – 5361]
أولادها من سيدنا علي – رحمة الله علي آل بيت رسول الله
بداية: لابد أن نعلم أن من أعظم البركات للسيدة فاطمة رضي الله عنها، أنّ ذرية رسول الله ﷺ محصورة منها، ففي أولادها استمرت ذرية رسول الله ﷺ إلى قيام الساعة) ، وعن أم المؤمنين أم سلمة رضي الله عنها أن النبي ﷺ جلل على الحسن والحسين وعلي وفاطمة كساءً ثم قال: (اللهم هؤلاء أهل بيتي وخاصتي أذهب عنهم الرجس وطهرهم تطهيراً) [الترمذي – 3871]
أنجبت منه سيدا شباب أهل الجنة: الحسن والحسين رضي الله عنهما
ولدها الحسن فقد جمع الله عليه كلمة المسلمين في عام الجماعة، عندما تنازل عن الخلافة لمعاوية بن أبي سفيان رضي الله عنه، وتحققت فيه بشارة رسول الله ﷺ: (إن ابني هذا سيد، ولعل الله أن يُصلِح به بين فئتين عظيمتين من المسلمين) [البخاري – 2704.]
الحسين فهو سيد الشهداء الشهيد المظلوم رضوان
و زينب رضي الله عنها
وُلدت رضي الله عنها في حياة النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم في السنة الخامسة أو السادسة للهجرة، والنبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم هو الذي سَمَّاهَا بهذا الاسم؛ إحياءً لذكرى ابنته السيدة زينب رضي الله عنها، هذا وقد انتقل النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم إلى الرفيق الأعلى قبل أن تتجاوز السيدة زينب رضي الله عنها الخامسة من عمرها، وبعد أشهرٍ قليلة تبعته أمّها السيدة فاطمة الزهراء رضي الله عنها، وأوصتها أمها رضي الله عنها قبل وفاتها بشقيقيها الأمام الحسن والأمام الحسين، أوصتها بأن ترعاهما وتصحبهما، وأن تكون لها أمًّا بعدها.
و أم كلثوم رضي الله عنها
هي خامس مولود لعلي بن أبي طالب وفاطمة الزهراء، وهي أخت الحسن والحسين، رضي الله عنهم أجمعين، الأرجح أنها وُلِدت في حياة جدِّها رسول الله محمد بن عبد الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فرأته ورآها قرابة خمس سنين؛ ولكنها لم ترو عنه حديثاً. يُقال أنها حين بلغت أشدها كانت أفصح بنات قريش.
في سبب نزول قوله تعالى
﴿إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيرًا﴾ [الأحزاب: 33]
يروي الإمام الواحدي في "أسباب النزول" عن عطاء بن أبي رباح قال: حدثني من سمع أم سلمة تذكر: أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كان في بيتها، فأتَتْهُ فاطمةُ رضي الله عنها ببرمة فيها خزيرة، فدخلت بها عليه، فقال لها: «ادعي لي زوجك وابنيك»، قالت: "فجاء علي وحسن وحسين، فدخلوا فجلسوا يأكلون من تلك الخزيرة وهو على منامة له، وكان تحته كساء خيبري"، قالت: وأنا في الحجرة أصلي، فأنزل الله تعالى هذه الآية: ﴿إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيرًا﴾ قالت: "فأخذ فضل الكساء فغشاهم به، ثم أخرج يديه فألوى بهما إلى السماء"، ثم قال: «اللهم هؤلاء أهل بيت وخاصتي وحاميتي فأذهب عنهم الرجس وطهرهم تطهيرًا»، قالت: "فأدخلت رأسي البيت فقلت: وأنا معكم يا رسول الله"، قال: «إنك إلى خير، إنك إلى خير
وفي رواية للترمذي في "سننه"
عن أم سلمة أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم جَلَّلَ على الحسن والحسين وعلي وفاطمة كساء، ثم قال: «اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي وَخَاصَّتِي، أَذْهِبْ عَنْهُمُ الرِّجْسَ وَطَهِّرْهُمْ تَطْهِيرًا» فقالت أم سلمة: "وأنا معهم يا رسول الله؟" قال: «إِنَّكِ إِلَى خَيْرٍ».
مظاهر حب رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم فيها - رضي الله عنها -
المظهر الأول
رأت أبا جهل يضع على ظهر النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بعض الأحشاء فأسرعت لإزالتها وهي تبكي؛ حرقة على أبيها، وقد كانت تقول له دائماً: "أنا أنصرك يا أبتاه"! وهي فتاة ضعيفة صغيرة السن لا تقوى على ذلك، وإنما لتخفّف عن أبيها وتسانده
المظهر الثاني
كانت رضي الله عنها أشبه الناس برسول الله ﷺ، فكان من يراها يتذكر رسول الله ﷺ، تقول السيدة عائشة رضي الله عنها: (ما رأيت أحداً كان أشبه سمتاً وهدياً ودلاً – والهدى والدال -، برسول الله ﷺ من فاطمة كرم الله وجهها؛ كانت إذا دخلت عليه قام إليها، فأخذ بيدها وقبلها وأجلسها في مجلسه، وكان إذا دخل عليها قامت إليه، فأخذت بيده فقبلته وأجلسته في مجلسها) [أبو داود – 5217
المظهر الثالث
كان النبي ﷺ يحبها حباً شديداً، وبلغت شدة حب النبي لها أنه إذا كان في سفرٍ ورجع، يبدأ بالمسجد، ثم يزور فاطمة، ثم يُسلم على باقي زوجاته الطيبات الطاهرات.
المظهر الرابع
كان من شدة حب رسول الله ﷺ لفاطمة أنّ علي رضي الله عنه خطب بنت أبي جهل، فبلغ ذلك فاطمة فشكت لرسول الله ﷺ فوقف رسول الله ﷺ على المنبر وقال: (إن بني هشام بن المغيرة استأذنوا في أن ينكحوا ابنتهم علي بن أبي طالب، فلا آذن، ثم لا آذن، ثم لا آذن، إلا أن يريد ابن أبي طالب أن يطلق ابنتي وينكح ابنتهم، فإنما هي بضعة مني، يريبني ما أرابها، ويؤذيني ما آذاها) [البخاري – 5230] و [مسلم – 2449]
المظهر الخامس
ي آخر حياة النبي ﷺ أقبلت فاطمة تمشي كأن مشيتها مشية النبي ﷺ، فقال النبي ﷺ: (مرحباً بابنتي)، ثم أجلسها عن يمينه، أو عن شماله، ثم أسر إليها حديثاً فبكت، فقلت لها: لم تبكين؟ ثم أسر إليها حديثاً فضحكت، فقلت: ما رأيت كاليوم فرحاً أقرب من حزن، فسألتها عما قال، فقالت: ما كنت لأفشي سر رسول الله ﷺ، حتى قبض النبي ﷺ، فسألتها، فقالت: أسر إلي: (إن جبريل كان يعارضني القرآن كل سنة مرة، وإنه عارضني العام مرتين، ولا أراه إلا حضر أجلي، وإنك أول أهل بيتي لحاقاً بي)، فبكيت، فقال: (أما ترضين أن تكوني سيدة نساء أهل الجنة -أو نساء المؤمنين؟ فضحكت لذلك) [البخاري – 3623] و[مسلم – 2450].
وفاة أبيها محمدٍ -صلّى الله عليه وسلّم- في حياتها رضي الله عنها
وفي تلك المصيبة يقول أنس بن مالك -رضي الله عنه-: (لَمَّا ثَقُلَ النبيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عليه وسلَّمَ جَعَلَ يَتَغَشَّاهُ، فَقالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ عَلَيْهَا السَّلَامُ: وا كَرْبَ أبَاهُ، فَقالَ لَهَا: ليسَ علَى أبِيكِ كَرْبٌ بَعْدَ اليَومِ، فَلَمَّا مَاتَ قالَتْ: يا أبَتَاهُ، أجَابَ رَبًّا دَعَاهُ، يا أبَتَاهْ، مَن جَنَّةُ الفِرْدَوْسِ مَأْوَاهْ، يا أبَتَاهْ إلى جِبْرِيلَ نَنْعَاهْ، فَلَمَّا دُفِنَ، قالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ عَلَيْهَا السَّلَامُ: يا أنَسُ أطَابَتْ أنْفُسُكُمْ أنْ تَحْثُوا علَى رَسولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عليه وسلَّمَ التُّرَابَ)
وفاتها رضي الله عنها وأرضاها
توفيت فاطمة الزهراء سيدة نساء أهل الجنة رضي الله عنها وأرضاها في السنة الحادية عشرة بعد أبيها نبينا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم بستة أشهر
من الذي غسلها رضي الله عنها؟
عن أسماء بنت عميس رضي الله عنها أن فاطمة رضي الله عنها أوصت أن يغسلها علي رضي الله عنه، قال الشوكاني: ولم يقع من سائر الصحابة إنكار على علي وأسماء، فكان إجماع وعلى هذا جمهور أهل العلم، وذهب الحنفية في الأصح و أحمد في رواية إلى عدم جواز ذلك لانقطاع الزوجية، والأول أصح، لأن الصحابة أفهم لدين الله عز وجل من غيرهم، وهذا الأثر الذي فيه وصية فاطمة يبطل ما قبله، فتعين الأخذ به... والله أعلم.
Her Name
Fatimah bint Muhammad, the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him), son of Abdullah, son of Abdul-Muttalib, son of Hashim
Her order among her sisters (may God be pleased with them all)
Fatimah was the youngest daughter of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
Her Noble Titles
Al-Zahra
An-Nawawi, may God have mercy on him, said: “The most radiant of colors is the bright white tinged with red, and it is the most beautiful of colors.”
Al-Batul
Ibn Hajar said in Fath al-Bari: “Fatima was called Al-Batul either because she was not married to anyone other than Ali, or because she was unparalleled in beauty and nobility.”
One of the Four Best Women of the Worlds
On the authority of Abu Hurairah, may God be pleased with him, on the authority of the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, who said: “The best women of the worlds are four: Mary, daughter of Imran; Asiya, daughter of Muzahim, the wife of Pharaoh; Khadija, daughter of Khuwaylid; and Fatima, daughter of Muhammad.” (Narrated by Al-Qurtubi in his Tafsir)
Mother of Her Father
Because she was like a mother to her father in her tenderness, compassion, and dedication to fulfilling his needs and serving him. And to fulfill his desires, and the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, lost his mother in his childhood, so God Almighty compensated him for the mother’s affection and compassion with the affection of Fatima, peace be upon her, so he, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, found in her affection, tenderness, compassion and companionship, so she was like his mother in this respect.
Her mother
Khadija bint Khuwaylid, the mother of the Believers (may God be pleased with her).
Her Birth
She was born five years before the Prophet's mission (peace and blessings be upon him). When the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) was sent, she embraced Islam and never knew polytheism, as did her sisters, the daughters of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), who never knew polytheism.
Her noble life (may God be pleased with her) with Ali ibn Abi Talib (may God be pleased with him)
Her marriage proposal to Ali ibn Abi Talib, excluding the senior Companions (may God be pleased with them)
When Fatima grew up and reached marriageable age, suitors began asking for her hand from the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him), each desiring the honor of being related to him by marriage. Abu Bakr al-Siddiq proposed to her, but the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) politely declined. Umar ibn al-Khattab (may God be pleased with him) also asked for her hand, but the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) politely declined as well. Ali (may God honor his face) longed to marry Fatima, but he lacked the means. However, some encouraged him to ask, so he entered the presence of the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) and sat down, remaining silent out of shyness before the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him). The noble Prophet asked him: "Have you come to ask for Fatima's hand in marriage?" He replied: "Yes." The Prophet asked: "Do you have a dowry?" He replied: "I have nothing." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) then asked: "Where is your armor that you acquired as spoils of war at Badr?" He said, “She is with me.” The Prophet said, “This is her dowry.” The Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) was looking for something to offer Ali as a dowry for Fatima, and this blessed marriage took place. When Ali (may God be pleased with him) heard the Prophet’s reply, he prostrated in gratitude to God Almighty for the favor and blessing He had bestowed upon him by making him related to His Prophet through marriage. The Prophet prayed for them, asking for blessings and righteous offspring. A group of Companions witnessed their marriage, including Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, Umar ibn al-Khattab, Uthman ibn Affan, Talha ibn Ubaydullah, and al-Zubayr from among the Muhajirun, as well as other Ansar Companions.
The description of the marital home
As described by Ali ibn Abi Talib, may God be pleased with them both: “I married Fatima, and we had no bedding other than a sheepskin on which we slept at night and fed the camel during the day. We had no servant other than her.”
Fatima lived a life of hardship and great toil
She did not live a life of luxury and ease. One day, she came to the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, complaining about the cracking of her hands from excessive work. She was the daughter of the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, the ruler of the Islamic state, and she had not a single servant. Ali, may God honor his face, narrates the story, saying: “Fatima, peace be upon her, came to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, complaining about the hardship she endured grinding grain. She had heard that he had received some slaves, but she did not find him. She mentioned this to Aisha, and when he came, Aisha told him. He said: ‘He came to us as we were lying down in bed. We were about to get up, but he said: “Stay where you are.” He came and sat between us until I felt the coolness of his feet on my stomach. He said: “Do you not…” Shall I tell you something better than what you asked for? When you go to your beds, say “Subhan Allah” thirty-three times, “Alhamdulillah” thirty-three times, and “Allahu Akbar” thirty-four times. That is better for you than a servant. (Al-Bukhari – 5361)
Her children from Ali (may God have mercy on the family of the Prophet)
To begin: We must know that one of the greatest blessings bestowed upon Lady Fatima (may God be pleased with her) is that the progeny of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is limited to her. Through her children, the progeny of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) continues until the Day of Judgment. It is narrated from Umm Salamah (may God be pleased with her) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) covered Al-Hasan, Al-Husayn, Ali, and Fatima with a cloak and then said: “O God, these are my family and my closest ones. Remove all impurity from them and purify them completely.” [At-Tirmidhi – 3871]
She gave birth to the two masters of the youth of Paradise
Al-Hasan and Al-Husayn (may God be pleased with them both).
Her son Al-Hasan was the one through whom God united the Muslims in the Year of Unity, when he relinquished the caliphate to Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan (may God be pleased with him). The Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) prophecy was fulfilled in him: “This son of mine is a leader, and perhaps God will use him to reconcile two great factions of the Muslims.” (Muslims) [Al-Bukhari – 2704]
Al-Husayn is the master of martyrs, the unjustly martyred one, may God be pleased with him.
And Zaynab, may God be pleased with her
was born during the lifetime of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, in the fifth or sixth year of the Hijra. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, named her in memory of his daughter, Lady Zaynab, may God be pleased with her. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, passed away before Lady Zaynab, may God be pleased with her, reached the age of five. A few months later, her mother, Lady Fatimah al-Zahra, may God be pleased with her, followed him. Before her death, her mother entrusted her to her two brothers, Imam al-Hasan and Imam al-Husayn, instructing her to care for them, be their companion, and be a mother to them after her passing.
Umm Kulthum (may God be pleased with her)
was the fifth child of Ali ibn Abi Talib and Fatima al-Zahra. She was the sister of al-Hasan and al-Husayn (may God be pleased with them all). It is most likely that she was born during the lifetime of her grandfather, the Messenger of God, Muhammad ibn Abdullah (peace and blessings be upon him), and that she saw him, and he saw her for about five years; however, she did not narrate any hadith from him. It is said that when she reached maturity, she was the most eloquent of the women of Quraysh.
Regarding the reason for the revelation of the Almighty’s words
﴿إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيرًا﴾ [الأحزاب: 33]
“Indeed, Allah intends only to remove from you all impurity, O People of the Household, and to purify you with [extensive] purification.” [Al-Ahzab: 33]
Imam al-Wahidi narrates in “Asbab al-Nuzul” (Reasons for Revelation) on the authority of Ata’ ibn Abi Rabah, who said: Someone who heard Umm Salamah mention told me that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was in her house when Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) brought him a pot of porridge. She entered with it, and he said to her, “Call your husband and your two sons.” She said, “So Ali, Hasan, and Husayn came and entered and sat eating from that porridge while he was on his bed, and he had a Khaybari cloak under him.” She said, “And I was in the room praying, so Allah revealed this verse: ‘Indeed, Allah intends only to remove from you all impurity…’” “Remove all impurity from the People of the House and purify them completely.” She said, “So he took the excess of the cloak and covered them with it, then he put out his hands and raised them to the sky,” then he said, “O Allah, these are my family, my close ones, and my protectors, so remove all impurity from them and purify them completely.” She said, “So I put my head inside the house and said, ‘And I am with you, O Messenger of Allah.’ He said, ‘You are on the right path, you are on the right path.
And in a narration by al-Tirmidhi in his Sunan
on the authority of Umm Salamah, that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, covered al-Hasan, al-Husayn, Ali, and Fatimah with a cloak, then he said, “O Allah, these are my family and my close ones, remove all impurity from them and purify them completely.” Umm Salamah said, “And I am with them, O Messenger of Allah.” God?” He said: “You are going to be good; you are going to be good.
The manifestations of love for the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, in her - may God be pleased with her -
The first manifestation
She saw Abu Jahl placing some of the Prophet's - may God bless him and grant him peace - entrails on his back, so she rushed to remove them while crying; out of anguish for her father, and she used to always say to him: “I will support you, my father!” She was a young, frail girl, incapable of such a task, but she did it to ease her father's burden and support him.
Secondly, she (may God be pleased with her) resembled the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) more than anyone else.
Whoever saw her was reminded of the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him). Aisha (may God be pleased with her) said: “I have never seen anyone more like the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) in appearance, conduct, and manner—and guidance and conduct—than Fatima (may God honor her face). When she entered upon him, he would stand up for her, take her hand, kiss it, and seat her in his place. And when he entered upon her, she would stand up for him, take his hand, kiss it, and seat him in her place.” [Abu Dawud – 5217]
Thirdly, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) loved her intensely.
So great was his love for her that when he returned from a journey, he would first go to the mosque, then visit Fatima, and then greet his other pure and virtuous wives.
The fourth manifestation: Such was the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) love for Fatima that when Ali (may God be pleased with him)
Proposed to the daughter of Abu Jahl, Fatima learned of it and complained to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood on the pulpit and said: “The sons of Hisham ibn al-Mughirah have asked permission to give their daughter in marriage to Ali ibn Abi Talib, but I will not grant it, I will not grant it, I will not grant it, unless Ibn Abi Talib divorces my daughter and marries their daughter. For she is a part of me; what troubles her troubles me, and what harms her harms me.” [Al-Bukhari – 5230] and [Muslim – 2449]
The fifth manifestation: Towards the end of the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) life
Fatima approached, walking in a manner reminiscent of the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) gait. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Welcome, my daughter.” Then he seated her to his right or to his left, and whispered something to her, whereupon she wept. I asked her: “Why are you weeping?” Then he whispered something to her, and she laughed. I said: I have never seen joy so close to sorrow as today. I asked her what he said, and she said: I would not divulge the secret of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, until the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, passed away. I asked her, and she said: He whispered to me: “Gabriel used to review the Qur’an with me once every year, and this year he reviewed it with me twice, and I do not think that my time has come, and you will be the first of my family to join me.” So, I cried, and he said: “Are you not pleased to be the leader of the women of Paradise—or the women of the believers?” So, I laughed at that. [Al-Bukhari – 3623] and [Muslim – 2450].
The death of her father, Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), during her lifetime (may God be pleased with her)
Regarding this calamity, Anas ibn Malik (may God be pleased with him) said: “When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) became seriously ill, he began to faint. Fatima (peace be upon her) said, ‘Oh, the anguish of my father!’ He replied, ‘There will be no more anguish for your father after today.’ When he died, she said, ‘Oh, my father, he answered the call of his Lord. Oh, my father, Paradise is his abode. Oh, my father, we announce his passing to Gabriel.’ When he was buried, Fatima (peace be upon her) said, ‘Oh Anas said, “Did your hearts allow you to throw dust upon the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)?
Her death (may Allah be pleased with her)
Fatima al-Zahra, the Mistress of the Women of Paradise (may Allah be pleased with her), passed away in the eleventh year after her father, our Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), by six months.
Who washed her (may Allah be pleased with her)?
It was narrated by Asma’ bint ‘Umays (may Allah be pleased with her) that Fatima (may Allah be pleased with her) instructed that Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) should wash her. Al-Shawkani said: “None of the other Companions objected to Ali and Asma’, so there was a consensus, and this is the view of the majority of scholars. The Hanafis, in their most correct opinion, and Ahmad in one narration, held that this was not permissible due to the dissolution of the marriage. The first opinion is more correct because the Companions were more knowledgeable about the religion of Allah, the Exalted, than others. This narration, which contains Fatima’s will, invalidates what came before it, so it is obligatory to follow it… And Allah knows best.
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