السيدة زينب - رضي الله عنها وأرضاها The Lady Zainab - may God be pleased with her
الإسم
زينب بنت رسول الله رضي الله عنها وأرضاها
الأم
أم المؤمنين/ السيدة خديجة بنت خويلد رضي الله عنها وأرضاها
ترتيبها بين إخوتها
الأولي في البنات
زواج زينب - رضي الله عنها - من أبي العاص بن الربيع
أبو العاص بن الربيع وهو ابن خالتها هالة بنت خويلد، زوجها ﷺ من أبي العاص بن الربيع – ابن أخت خديجة رضي الله عنها – بناء على رغبة السيدة خديجة، التي كانت تعده بمنزلة ولدها، وكان من رجال مكة المعدودين: مالاً وأمانة وتجارة. وأسلمت زينب قبل زوجها، وكانت تدعوه للإسلام فلم يستجب لها، ولم يؤثَر عنه عداء أو إيذاء للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أو لزينب رغم كفره. وأرادت قريش من أبي العاص أن يطلق زينب رضي الله عنها ويزوجوه بمن شاء من بنات قريش إيذاءً لأبيها صلى الله عليه وسلم، ولكنَّ أبا العاص رفض ذلك لحبه الشديد لزينب، فقد ذكر ابن هشام في السيرة النبوية أن مشركي قريش ذهبوا إلى أبي العاص وقالوا له: "فارق صاحبتك (زوجتك زينب) ونحن نزوجك أي امرأة من قريش شئت، قال: لا والله، إني لا أفارق صاحبتي، وما أحب أن لي بامرأتي امرأة من قريش". وبقيت زينب مع زوجها أبي العاص على هذه الحالة، إذْ لم يكن نزل حينئذ التفريق بين المسلمة وغير المسلم.
ثم بعد صلح الحديبية
نزل التفريق بين المؤمنات والكفار في الزيجات القائمة أو حتي لم تتم، حيث قال ابن كثير في تفسيره لقول الله تعالى: {لَا هُنَّ حِلٌّ لَهُمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحِلُّونَ لَهُنَّ} (الممتحنة:10): "هذه الآية هي التي حرمت المسلمات على المشركين، وقد كان جائزاً في ابتداء الإسلام أن يتزوج المشرك المؤمنة، ولهذا كان أبو العاص بن الربيع زوج ابنة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم زينب رضي الله عنها، وقد كانت مسلمة وهو على دين قومه"
حدث موقف غريب للسيدة زينب رضي الله عنها مع زوجها بعد انتصار المسلمين في غزوة بدر
لما علمت زينب رضي الله عنها بانتصار المسلمين في بدر، وأن زوجها والذي لا زال مشركاً أصبح أسيراً من الأسرى لدى المسلمين، راحت تبذل ما في وسعها لفكاك زوجها من الأسْر، فكان مما أرسلته لتفديه وتفك أسره به: قلادة لها كانت أهدتها لها أمها خديجة رضي الله عنها عند زواجها منه، فعن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت: (لما بعث أهل مكة في فداء أُسَرائِهم بعثت زينب في فداء أبي العاص بمال وبعثت فيه بقلادة لها كانت عند خديجة أدخلتها بها على أبي العاص، فلما رآها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم رقَّ لها رِقَّةً شديدة وقال: إن رأيتم أن تطلقوا لها أسيرها وتردوا عليها الذي لها! فقالوا: نعم) رواه الحاكم وأبو داود وحسنه الألباني. قال الطيبي: "قولها: (رقَّ لها) أي تذكَّر غربتها ووحدتها، وتذكر صلى الله عليه وسلم عهد خديجة وصحبتها، فإن القلادة كانت لها، فلما زوجتها من أبي العاص أدخلت القلادة مع زينب عليه". وقال الهروي: "أي لغربتها (زينب) ووحدتها، وتذكر عهد خديجة وصحبتها فإن القلادة كانت لها وفي عنقها"
أطلق رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم سراح أبي العاص من الأسر
وأخذ عليه عهداً حين يرجع إلى مكة أن يسمح لزينب رضى الله عنها بالهجرة إلى المدينة المنورة، فوفَّى أبو العاص بذلك، قال ابن كثير في البداية والنهاية: "قال ابن إسحاق: وقد كان رسول صلى الله عليه وسلم قد أخذ عليه أن يُخْلِي سبيل زينب، يَعْنِي أَنْ تُهَاجِر إِلى المدينة، فَوَفَّى أبو العاص بذلك". فكان صلى الله عليه وسلم يثني عليه فيقول: (أَنْكَحْتُ (زوَّجْتُ) أبا العاص بن الربيع فَحَدَّثَنِي وَصَدَقنِي) رواه البخاري. وفي رواية أخرى: (وَوَعَدَنِي فَأوْفَى لي)، قال ابن الأثير: "هذا المشار إليه بالوعد والوفاء: هو أبو العاص بن الربيع زوج زينب بنت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، كان أُسِرَ في غزوة بدر، فأرسلت زينب فداءه من مكة، وهي قلادة أمها خديجة رضي الله عنها، فرقَّ لها رسول صلى الله عليه وسلم رقة شديدة، واستطلق أسيرها من المسلمين، وشرط رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم على أبي العاص أن ينفذ زينب إليه إذا وصل إلى مكة، ففعل.
رجعت زينب رضي الله عنها إلي حضن أبيها في المدينة المنورة
بعد أن وفَّى أبو العاص بعهده، وأخلى سبيل زينب رضي الله عنها، ورجعت إلى المدينة المنورة، بقيت عند أبيها صلوات الله وسلامه عليه.
ثم أُسِر أبو العاص مرة أخرى وهو ذاهب إلى الشام للتجارة
قال الذهبي: "خرج أبو العاص تاجراً إلى الشام بماله، وبمالٍ كثيرٍ لقريش، فلما رجع لقيته سرية (أميرها زيد بن حارثة وذلك في جمادى الأول سنة ست من الهجرة) فأصابوا ما معه، وأعجزهم هارباً، فقدموا بما أصابوا، وأقبل أبو العاص في الليل حتى دخل على زينب، فاستجار بها فأجارته، وجاء في طلب ماله. فلما خرج صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى الصبح وكبَّر وكبَّر الناس معه، صرخت زينب من صفة النساء (مكان مظلل في المسجد للنساء): أيها الناس إني قد أجرتُ أبا العاص بن الربيع، فلما سلم ﷺ من الصلاة، أقبل على الناس، فقال: (أيها الناس، هل سمعتم ما سمعت؟) قالوا: نعم، قال: (أما والذي نفس محمد بيده ما علمت بشيء من ذلك حتى سمعت ما سمعتم، إنه يجير على المسلمين أدناهم). وبعث النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى السرية الذين أصابوا ماله فقال: إن هذا الرجل منا حيث قد علمتم، وقد أصبتم له مالا، فإن تحسنوا وتردوا عليه الذي له، فإنَّا نحب ذلك، وإن أبيتم فهو فيء الله الذي أفاء عليكم، فأنتم أحق به. قالوا: بل نرده، فردوه كله، ثم انصرف رسول الله ﷺ فدخل على ابنته فقال: (أي بنية، أكرمي مثواه، ولا يخلصن إليك، فإنك لا تحلين له) ، فرجع إلى مكة فأدَّى إلى كل ذي حق حقه، ثم رجع مسلمًا مهاجرًا في المحرم سنة 7 هـ فرد عليه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم زوجته بالنكاح الأول.، ثم ذهب (أبو العاص) إلى مكة، فأدَّى إلى كل ذي مالٍ ماله، ثم قال: يا معشر قريش، هل بقي لأحد منكم عندي مال؟ قالوا: لا، فجزاك الله خيرا، فقد وجدناك وفيَّاً كريما، قال: فإني أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله، وأن محمداً عبده ورسوله، والله ما منعني من الإسلام عنده إلا تخوف أن تظنوا أني إنما أردت أكل أموالكم. ثم قدِم على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم". ولما أسلم أبو العاص بن الربيع ذهب إلى المدينة المنورة، فجمع النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بينه وبين زينب رضي الله عنها، وكان ذلك في السنة السابعة للهجرة النبوية.
أولاد زينب رضي الله عنها
قال ابن سعد: "ولدت زينب لأبي العاص عليًّا وأُمامة، أما علي (فتوفي وهو صغير) وبقيت أُمامة"، وقال ابن حجر: "اتفق أهل العلم بالنسب أن زينب لم تلِدْ لأبي العاص إلا عليّاً وأُمَامة فقط.. فأما عليّ فقد مات عندما ناهز الاحتلام.. ومات في حياته صلى الله عليه وسلم
حب رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم في حفيدته (إمامة) رضي الله عنها
فهي التي كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يحملها أثناء الصلاة وهي طفلة صغيرة، عن أبي قتادة رضي الله عنه: (أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يصلي وهو حامل أمامة بنت زينب بنت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ولأبي العاص بن الربيع، فإذا سجد وضعها، وإذا قام حملها) رواه البخاري.
وكان صلي الله عليه وسلم يحنو عليها ويهتم بها ويكرمها رضي الله عنها
فعن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت: (أُهْدِيَ لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قلادة من جِزع (خرز) ملمعة بالذهب، ونساؤه مجتمعات في بيت كُلهن، وأُمامة بنت أبي العاص بن الربيع جارية (صغيرة) تلعب في جانب البيت بالتراب، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: كيف ترينَ هذه؟ فنظرن إليها فقلن: يا رسول الله ما رأينا أحسن من هذه ولا أعجب! فقال: ارددنها إليَّ، فلما أخذها قال: والله لأضعنّها في رقبة أحب أهل البيت إليّ، قالت عائشة: فأظلمت عليّ الأرض بيني وبينه خشية أن يضعها في رقبة غيري منهن، ولا أراهن إلا قد أصابهن مثل الذي أصابني، ووجَمْنا جميعاً، فأقبل حتى وضعها في رقبة أمامة بنت أبي العاص، فسُرِّيَ عنّـا) رواه الطبراني.
هجرة زينب رضي الله عنها
خرجت زينب رضي الله عنها من مكة مع كنانة أو ابن كنانة، فخرجوا في طلبها فأدركها هبّار بن الأسود، فلم يزل يطعن بعيرها برمحه حتى صرعها وألقت ما في بطنها، وقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم لزيد بن حارثة: (ألا تنطلق فتجيء بزينب؟) قال: بلى يا رسول الله، قال صلى الله عليه وسلم: « فخذ خاتمي فأعطها إياه »، فانطلق زيد فلم يزل يتلطف فلقي راعيًا فقال: لمن ترعى؟ قال: لأبي العاص، فقال: لمن هذه الغنم؟ قال: لزينب بنت محمد، فسار معه شيئًا، ثم قال: هل لك أن أعطيك شيئًا فتعطيها إياه ولا تذكر لأحد؟ قال: نعم، فأعطاه الخاتم، وأنطلق الراعي وأدخل غنمه وأعطاها الخاتم فعرفته فقالت: من أعطاك هذا؟ قال: رجل، قالت: فأين تركته؟ قال: بمكان كذا وكذا... فسكتت حتى إذا كان الليل خرجت إليه، فلما جاءته قال لها: اركبي بين يدي على بعيره، قالت: لا ولكن اركب أنت بين يدي فركب وركبت وراءه حتى أتت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم.
وجاء أبو سفيان في جلة من قريش فقال لأبي العاص بن الربيع
أيها الرجل، كف عنا نبلك حتى نكلمك، فكف، فأقبل أبو سفيان حتى وقف عليه فقال: إنك لم تُصب خرجت بالمرأة على رؤوس الناس علانية، وقد عرفت مصيبتنا ونكبتنا، وما دخل علينا من محمد، فيظن الناس إذا خرجت بابنته علانية على رؤوس الناس من بين أظهرنا، أن ذلك عن ذلك أصابنا، وأن ذلك منا ضعف ووهن، ولعمري ما لنا بحبسها عن أبيها من حاجة، وما لنا في ذلك من ثؤرة
ووصلت زينب إلى المدينة، وعلم الرسول ﷺ بما أصابها.
وما كان ﷺ ليسكت على ما أصاب ابنته، ففي “البخاري” عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: بَعَثَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي بَعْثٍ فَقَالَ: (إِنْ وَجَدْتُمْ فُلَانًا وَفُلَانًا فَأَحْرِقُوهُمَا بِالنَّارِ) ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ أَرَدْنَا الْخُرُوجَ: (إِنِّي أَمَرْتُكُمْ أَنْ تُحْرِقُوا فُلَانًا وَفُلَانًا وَإِنَّ النَّارَ لَا يُعَذِّبُ بِهَا إِلَّا اللَّهُ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتُمُوهُمَا فَاقْتُلُوهُمَا)
وفاة زينب رضي الله عنها بعد رجوعها لزوجها بسنة واحدة
جميع بنات النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم توفين في حياته ما عدا السيدة فاطمة رضي الله عنها لحقت به في نفس العام، وقد متن كلُّهنَّ في سنٍ صغيرة فلم تتجاوز أيٌّ منهن الثلاثين من عمرها.
لقد بقيت زينب رضي الله عنها مريضة من تلك الدفعة التي دفعها هبّار بن الأسود حتى ماتت من ذلك الوجع. وتوفيت رضي الله عنها سنة 8 هـ دون أن تتجاوز الثلاثين من عمرها.
لم تعِش زينب رضي الله عنها طويلاً بعد إسلام زوجها والتقائها به، إذ توفِّيت رضي الله عنها في العام الثامن من الهجرة النبوية في حياة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، بكاها أبو العاص رضي الله عنها بكاءً حارّاً، وحزن عليها النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم حزناً شديداً، وأعطى النساء اللاتي يُغَسِّلنها قبل دفنها إزاره الذي يُشد على الخصر، وأمرهن أن يجعلوه يلاصق جسدها الطاهر مباشرة، فعن أم عطية رضي الله عنها قالت: (لما ماتت زينب بنت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، قال لنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: اغسلنها وتراً ـ ثلاثًا أو خمسا ـ، واجعلن في الخامسة كافورا، أو شيئًا من كافور، فإذا غسَّلتُنَّها فأعْلِمننى، قالت: فأعلمناه، فأعطانا حِقْوَه (إزاره) وقال: أشعِرْنها (أَلْفِفْنها) إياه) رواه مسلم.
Her Name
Zaynab, daughter of the Messenger of God (may God be pleased with her)
Her Mother
Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, Mother of the Believers (may God be pleased with her)
Her birth order among her siblings
First among the daughters
The Marriage of the Lady: Zaynab's to Abu al-'As ibn al-Rabi'
Abu al-'As ibn al-Rabi' was the son of her maternal aunt, Hala bint Khuwaylid. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) married him to Khadija (may God be pleased with her), at Khadija's request, as she considered him like a son. He was one of the prominent men of Mecca, known for his wealth, trustworthiness, and business acumen. Zaynab embraced Islam before her husband and invited him to do the same, but he did not respond. Despite his initial disbelief, there is no record of him showing any hostility or harm towards the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) or Zaynab. The Quraysh wanted Abu al-Aas to divorce Zaynab (may God be pleased with her) and marry him to any woman from among the Quraysh he chose, as an act of spite against her father, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). However, Abu al-Aas refused because of his deep love for Zaynab. Ibn Hisham, in his biography of the Prophet, mentions that the polytheists of Quraysh went to Abu al-Aas and said to him, "Divorce your wife (Zaynab), and we will marry you to any woman from Quraysh you wish." He replied, "No, by God, I will not divorce my wife, and I would not exchange her for any woman from Quraysh." Zaynab remained with her husband, Abu al-Aas, in this situation, as the verses permitting the separation of Muslim and non-Muslim women had not yet been revealed.
Then, after the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah
The separation between believing women and disbelieving men in existing marriages, or even those that had not yet taken place, was revealed. Ibn Kathir, in his commentary on the verse, “They are not lawful [wives] for them, nor are they lawful [husbands] for them” (Al-Mumtahanah 60:10), said: “This verse is what prohibited Muslim women from marrying polytheists. It was permissible in the early days of Islam for a polytheist to marry a believing woman. For this reason, Abu al- ‘As ibn al-Rabi’ was married to the Prophet’s daughter, Zaynab (may God be pleased with her), even though she was a Muslim and he followed the religion of his people.”
A strange incident occurred between Lady Zaynab (may God be pleased with her) and her husband after the Muslim victory at the Battle of Badr
When Zaynab (may God be pleased with her) learned of the Muslim victory at Badr and that her husband, who was still a polytheist, had been taken prisoner, she did everything in her power to secure his release. Among the things she sent to ransom him was a necklace that her mother, Khadijah (may God be pleased with her), had given her. Regarding her marriage to him, Aisha (may God be pleased with her) said: “When the people of Mecca sent ransom for their captives, Zainab sent money to ransom Abu al-Aas, and she included a necklace that belonged to Khadija, which she had given to Abu al-Aas. When the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) saw it, he was deeply moved and said, ‘If you see fit, release her captive and return what belongs to her!’ They replied, ‘Yes.’” (Narrated by al-Hakim and Abu Dawud and classed as sound by al-Albani). Al-Tayyibi said: “Her statement, ‘He was deeply moved,’ means that he remembered her loneliness and isolation, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) remembered his time with Khadija and their companionship, for the necklace belonged to her. When she married her to Abu al-Aas, the necklace was given to Zainab with him.” Al-Harawi said: “That is, because of Zainab’s loneliness and isolation, and his remembrance of Khadija and their companionship, for the necklace belonged to her and was around her neck.
The Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, released Abu al-Aas from captivity
He made him promise that upon his return to Mecca, he would allow Zaynab, may God be pleased with her, to emigrate to Medina. Abu al-Aas fulfilled this promise. Ibn Kathir said in Al-Bidayah wa'l-Nihayah: "Ibn Ishaq said: The Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, had made him promise to release Zaynab, meaning to allow her to emigrate to Medina, and Abu al-Aas fulfilled this promise." The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, praised him, saying: "I gave Abu al-Aas ibn al-Rabi' in marriage, and he spoke to me truthfully." (Narrated by Al-Bukhari) In another narration: “He promised me and fulfilled his promise.” Ibn al-Athir said: “The one referred to in the promise and fulfillment is Abu al-‘As ibn al-Rabi’, the husband of Zaynab, the daughter of the Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him. He was taken prisoner at the Battle of Badr, and Zaynab sent his ransom from Mecca, which was her mother Khadijah’s necklace, may God be pleased with her. The Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, was deeply moved by her plight and released her captive from among the Muslims. The Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, stipulated to Abu al- ‘As that he send Zaynab to him when he reached Mecca, and he did so.”
Zaynab, may God be pleased with her, returned to her father’s care in Medina
After Abu al- ‘As fulfilled his promise and released Zaynab, may God be pleased with her, she returned to Medina and stayed with her father, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him.
Then Abu al- ‘As was taken prisoner again while on his way to Levant for trade
Al-Dhahabi said: “Abu al- ‘As went out as a merchant to Syria with his own money and with a large sum of money belonging to the Quraysh. When he returned, he was met by a detachment (whose commander Zayd ibn Haritha (this occurred in Jumada al-Awwal of the sixth year of the Hijra) was captured. They seized his belongings, but he escaped. They returned with what they had taken, and Abu al-'As came at night until he entered upon Zaynab, sought her protection, and she granted it. He then came to retrieve his property. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) went out for the morning prayer and said the takbir (Allahu Akbar), and the people said it with him, Zaynab called out from the women's section (a shaded area in the mosque for women): "O people, I have granted protection to Abu al-'As ibn al-Rabi'!" When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) finished the prayer, he turned to the people and said: "O people, did you hear what I heard?" They said: "Yes." He said: "By Him in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad, I knew nothing of this until I heard what you heard. Even the humblest among the Muslims can grant protection." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent word to the detachment that had seized his property, saying: "This man is one of us, as you know, and you have seized his property. If you treat him kindly and return what belongs to him, we would appreciate that. But if you refuse, then it is booty that Allah has bestowed upon you, and you have a greater right to it." They said, "Rather, we will return it." So, they returned it all. Then the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) left and went to his daughter and said, "O my daughter, treat him with kindness and do not let him have relations with you, for you are not lawful for him." He returned to Mecca and gave everyone their due. Then he returned as a Muslim emigrant in Muharram of the 7th year of Hijra, and the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) returned his wife to him with the original marriage contract. Then Abu al-'As went to Mecca and gave everyone their due. Then he said, "O people of Quraysh, does anyone of you still have money with me?" They said, "No, may God reward you well, for we have found you to be loyal and generous." He said, "Then I bear witness that there is no god but God, and that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. By God, nothing prevented me from embracing Islam in his presence except the fear that you would think that I only wanted to take your money." Then he came to the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him. When Abu al-`As ibn al-Rabi` embraced Islam, he went to Medina, and the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, arranged his marriage to Zaynab, may God be pleased with her. This occurred in the seventh year of the Hijra.
The Children of Zaynab, may God be pleased with her
Ibn Sa'd said: "Zaynab bore Abu al-'As two sons, 'Ali and Umamah. 'Ali died young, and Umamah survived." Ibn Hajar said: "Genealogists agree that Zaynab bore Abu al-'As only 'Ali and Umamah. 'Ali died when he was approaching puberty, during the Prophet's lifetime (peace and blessings be upon him)."
The Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) Love for His Granddaughter Umamah (may Allah be pleased with her)
She was the one whom the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would carry during prayer when she was a young child. Abu Qatada (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would pray while carrying Umamah, the daughter of Zaynab, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and of Abu al-'As ibn al-Rabi'. When he prostrated, he would put her down, and when he stood, he would pick her up." (Narrated by al-Bukhari)
He (peace and blessings be upon him) was affectionate, caring, and generous towards her (may Allah be pleased with her).
Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "A gift was given to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ..." The Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, had a necklace of onyx beads adorned with gold, and his wives were gathered in a house, all of them, and Umamah bint Abi al-Aas bin al-Rabee’ was a young girl playing in the side of the house with dirt. The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: What do you think of this? So, they looked at it and said: O Messenger of God, we have never seen anything more beautiful or more amazing than this! He said: Give it back to me. When he took it, he said: By God, I will put it on the neck of the one of the family I love most. Aisha said: The earth darkened for me between him and me, for fear that he would put it on the neck of someone else among them, and I did not see them except that they had been afflicted with the same thing that afflicted me, and we were all silent. Then he came until he put it on the neck of Umamah bint Abi al-Aas, and we were relieved. (Narrated by al-Tabarani)
The Migration of Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her)
Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her) left Mecca with Kinanah or Ibn Kinanah. They went in search of her, and Habbar ibn al-Aswad caught up with her. He kept stabbing her camel with his spear until it fell, causing her to miscarry. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Zayd ibn Harithah, "Why don't you go and bring Zaynab back?" He replied, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "Then take my ring and give it to her." So Zayd went and tried to approach her gently until he met a shepherd. He asked, "Whose sheep are you tending?" The shepherd replied, "Abu al-'As." Zayd asked, "Whose sheep are these?" The shepherd replied, "Zaynab, the daughter of Muhammad." Zayd walked with him for a while, then said, "Would you like me to give you something so that you can give it to her without telling anyone?" Zayd agreed and gave him the ring. The shepherd went back to his sheep and gave the ring to Zaynab. She recognized it and asked, "Who gave you this?" He replied, "A man." She asked, "Where did you leave it?" He said, "In such and such a place..." She remained silent until nightfall, then went out to him. When she arrived, he said to her, "Ride in front of me on his camel." She replied, "No, you ride in front of me." So, he mounted, and she rode behind him until they reached the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him.
Abu Sufyan came with a group of Quraysh and said to Abu al-'As ibn al-Rabi':
"O man, hold back your arrows until we speak to you." So, he held back. Then Abu Sufyan approached him and said, "You have not acted wrongly. You have taken the woman out in public, openly, in front of everyone. You know our calamity and our misfortune, and what Muhammad has brought upon us. People will think that if she takes his daughter out in public, in front of everyone, from among us, it is because of that calamity that has befallen us, and that it is a sign of our weakness and frailty. By my life, we have no need to keep her from her father, nor do we seek revenge in this matter."
Zaynab arrived in Medina, and the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, learned of what had happened to her
And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would not remain silent about what happened to his daughter. In “Al-Bukhari”, on the authority of Abu Hurairah (may God be pleased with him), he said: The Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) sent us on a mission and said: “If you find so-and-so and so-and-so, burn them with fire.” Then the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) said when we wanted to leave: “I ordered you to burn so-and-so and so-and-so, and indeed, no one punishes with fire except God. So, if you find them, kill them.” Zaynab (may God be pleased with her) passed away one year after returning to her husband.
All of the Prophet's daughters (may God bless him and grant him peace) died during his lifetime, except for Fatimah (may God be pleased with her), who passed away in the same year. They all died young, none of them having lived beyond thirty years.
Zaynab (may God be pleased with her) remained ill from the blow that Habbar ibn al-Aswad had given her until she died from the pain. She passed away in the year 8 AH, before reaching the age of thirty.
Zainab, may God be pleased with her, did not live long after her husband embraced Islam and she met him. She passed away in the eighth year of the Prophetic migration during the life of the Prophet; may God bless him and grant him peace. Abu al-Aas, may God be pleased with him, wept bitterly for her, and the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, grieved deeply for her. He gave the women who were washing her before her burial his waistcloth and ordered them to place it directly against her pure body. On the authority of Umm Atiyyah, may God be pleased with her, she said: “When Zainab, the daughter of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, died, the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said to us: Wash her an odd number of times – three or five – and on the fifth time put camphor, or something of camphor. When you have washed her, inform me.” She said: “So we informed him, and he gave us his waistcloth and said: ‘Wrap her in it.’” Narrated by Muslim.
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