السيدة أم كُلثوم Mrs. Umm Kulthum - may Allah pleased Her
السيدة أم كلثوم بنت النبي صلي الله عليه وسلم
أم كلثوم بنت رسول الله من السيدة خديجة رضي الله عنها، وهي أصغر من رقية، لأن رسول الله زوج رقية لعثمان، فلما توفيت رحمها الله، زوجه أم كلثوم، ولم يكن يتزوج الصغرى ويترك الكبرى.
زواجها - رضي الله عنها - من ابن ابي لهب وطلاقها منه
زوج رسول الله رقية وأم كلثوم من عتبة وعتيبة، ابني أبو لهب، لما أنزل الله ذلك.
يقول الله تعالى
{تَبَّتْ يَدَآ أَبِي لَهَبٍ وَتَبَّ} (المسد: ١)
قال أبو لهب لابنيه: رأسي حرام على رأسيكما، إن لم تُطلّقا ابنتي محمد، قالت أمهما أم جميل: إن حاملة الحطب بنت حرب بن أمية لابنيها أن يطلقا رقية وأم كلثوم لأنهما كافرتان - تقصد كفرا بدين قريش (الشرك مع الله تعالي)، وقد بدّلتا دينهما، فطلقتهما قبل الدخول بهما.
زواجها الشريف من عثمان بن عفان رضي الله عنهما وأرضاهما
زوج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم رقية لعثمان - رضي الله عنهما جميعا - لما توفيت زوجه أم كلثوم رضي الله عنهما. وكان زواجه منها في ربيع الأول من السنة الثالثة، وبنى بها في جمادى الآخرة من السنة نفسها، فلم تلد منه ولدًا، وتوفيت في السنة الرابعة، فدعا لها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم.
التفاصيل
لما توفيت رقية بنت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، تولى عثمان بن عفان ولاية أم كلثوم بنت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، وكانت بكرًا، في شهر ربيع الأول من السنة الثالثة للهجرة، روى سعيد بن المسيب أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم رأى عثمان بعد وفاة رقية مهمومًا قلقًا، فقال له: «ما لي أراك مهمومًا؟» قال: يا رسول الله، هل أصاب أحد مثلي؟ ماتت ابنة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم التي كانت عندي وانقطع رزقي وانقطع النكاح بيني وبينك، فبينما هو يناجي النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: يا عثمان هذا جبريل عليه السلام يأمرني من الله أن أزوجك أختها أم كلثوم على مثل صداقها ومثل أهلها، فزوجها إياه.
من مواقف أم كلثوم مع الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم
عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما، عن أم كلثوم بنت النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أنها قالت: يا رسول الله، زوجي خير أم زوج فاطمة؟ قالت: فسكت النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، ثم قال: «زوجك ممن يحب الله ورسوله، ويحبه الله ورسوله». فالتفتت، فقال لها: هيا، ما قلتِ؟ قالت: قلت: زوجي ممن يحب الله ورسوله، ويحبه الله ورسوله. قال: نعم، وأزيد أني دخلت الجنة، فرأيت داره، فما رأيت أحدًا من أصحابي أعلى منه في داره.
لما زوّج النبي ابنته أم كلثوم لعثمان، قال لها:
«زوجك أشبه الناس بجدك إبراهيم وأبيك محمد»
تقول أم عياش
قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «ما تزوج عثمان أم كلثوم إلا بوحي من السماء».
عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه، قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم لعثمان: «يا عثمان، هذا جبريل يخبرني أن الله زوّجك أم كلثوم، وهي في مهر رقية، وخير أصحابها».
وفاة أم كلثوم رضي الله عنها وارضاها
توفيت في شعبان سنة تسع من الهجرة
عن أم عطية، قالت
دخل علينا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ونحن نغسل ابنته أم كلثوم، فقال: "اغسلنها ثلاثًا أو خمسًا، أو أكثر من ذلك إن رأيتن ذلك بماء وسدر، واجعلن في الآخرة كافورًا أو شيئًا من كافور، فإن فرغتن فأخبرنني". فلما أخبرناه، ألقى إلينا ثوبه، وقال: "مسيها".
توفيت أم كلثوم في عهد النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم
وفي شعبان من السنة التاسعة للهجرة، جلس رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم على قبرها، ونزل علي والفضل وأسامة في حفرتها.
عن أبي أمامة قال
لما وُضعت أم كلثوم ابنة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في القبر، قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: قال: قال تعالي ((مِنْهَا خَلَقْنَاكُمْ وَفِيهَا نُعِيدُكُمْ وَمِنْهَا نُخْرِجُكُمْ تَارَةً أُخْرَى} [طه: 55]) ثم لا أدري هل قال: بسم الله، وفي سبيل الله، وعلى ملة رسول الله أم لا؟
Umm Kulthum, daughter of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace
Umm Kulthum was the daughter of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, through Khadija, may God be pleased with her. She was younger than Ruqayyah, because the Messenger of God married Ruqayyah to Uthman. When she died, may God have mercy on her, he married him to Umm Kulthum. He would not marry the younger wife and would leave the older wife.
Her marriage - may God be pleased with her - to Ibn Abi Lahab and her divorce from him
The Messenger of God married Ruqayyah and Umm Kulthum to Utbah and Utaybah, the sons of Abu Lahab, when God revealed this.
God Almighty says:
{تَبَّتْ يَدَآ أَبِي لَهَبٍ وَتَبَّ} (المسد: ١)
{Perish the hands of Abu Lahab, and perish he!} (Al-Masad: 1)
Abu Lahab said to his two sons: "My head is sacred to you if you do not divorce the two daughters of Muhammad." Their mother, Umm Jamil, said: "The firewood carrier, the daughter of Harb ibn Umayya, has given her two sons the right to divorce Ruqayyah and Umm Kulthum because they are disbelievers"—meaning disbelievers in the religion of Quraysh (associating partners with God Almighty) and have changed their religion. So she divorced them before consummating the marriage.
Her Noble Marriage to Uthman ibn Affan, may God be pleased with them both
The Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, married Ruqayyah to Uthman, may God be pleased with them both, after his wife, Umm Kulthum, died. He married her in Rabi' al-Awwal of the third year of Hijra, and consummated the marriage with her in Jumada al-Akhira of the same year. She did not bear him a child and died in the fourth year of Hijra. The Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, prayed for her.
The Details
When Ruqayyah, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), died, Uthman ibn Affan took over the guardianship of Umm Kulthum, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), who was a virgin. This occurred in the month of Rabi' al-Awwal of the third year of the Hijra. Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saw Uthman worried and anxious after Ruqayyah's death. He asked him, "Why do I see you worried?" He said, "O Messenger of Allah, has anyone suffered as I have? The daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), who was with me, has died, and my livelihood has been cut off, and the marriage between you and me has been severed." While he was conversing with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he said, "O Uthman, this is Gabriel, peace be upon him, commanding me on behalf of Allah to marry you to her sister Umm Kulthum for a dowry equal to hers and the same as her family." So he married her to him.
From Umm Kulthum's Relations with the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace
On the authority of Ibn Abbas, may God be pleased with them both, on the authority of Umm Kulthum, the daughter of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, that she said: "O Messenger of God, is my husband better or the husband of Fatima?" The Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, remained silent, then said: "Your husband is someone who loves God and His Messenger, and whom God and His Messenger love." She turned around, and he said to her: "Come on, what did you say?" She said: "I said: My husband is someone who loves God and His Messenger, and whom God and His Messenger love." He said: "Yes, and I will add that I entered Paradise and saw his house. I have never seen any of my companions higher in his house than him."
When the Prophet married his daughter Umm Kulthum to Uthman, he said to her:
"Your husband is the one most similar to your grandfather Abraham and your father Muhammad."
Umm Ayyash says:
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Uthman did not marry Umm Kulthum except by revelation from Heaven."
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Uthman: "O Uthman, this is Gabriel informing me that Allah has married you to Umm Kulthum, and she is the best of her companions and the dowry of Ruqayyah."
The Death of Umm Kulthum (may Allah be pleased with her)
She died in Sha'ban in the ninth year of the Hijra
On the authority of Umm Atiyyah, she said:
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to us while we were washing his daughter Umm Kulthum. He said: "Wash her three or five times, or more than that if you see fit, with water and lotus leaves, and add camphor or some camphor at the end. When you finish, inform me." When we told him, he threw his garment over us and said: "Touch her."
Umm Kulthum died during the era of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
In Sha'ban of the ninth year of the Hijra, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sat by her grave, and Ali, al-Fadl, and Usama descended into her grave.
Abu Umamah said
When Umm Kulthum, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), was placed in the grave, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: God Almighty says: {From it We created you, and into it We will return you, and from it We will extract you another time} [Ta-Ha: 55]. Then I do not know whether he said: In the name of Allah, in the cause of Allah, and upon the religion of the Messenger of Allah or not.
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said
I saw the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sitting by her grave—meaning Umm Kulthum—and his eyes welled up. He said: “There is not one of you who did not touch his wife tonight.” Abu Talhah said: “I did.” He said: “Get down.”
We learn from her story, may God be pleased with her and grant her peace.
1. We imagined that the daughter of the Messenger of Humanity, may God be pleased with her and grant her peace, would live the life of kings, the daughter of God Almighty's beloved, Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him. But that never happened.
2. Her trials in her short life (divorce from the infidel "Ibn Abi Lahab" - she did not have children - her trials within herself - her death at a young age).
3. If we learn anything, it will be only one: Life harms, deceives, and passes. It is short and full of trials, sometimes painful to an indescribable degree when we experience loss - whether one of us feels the approach of death due to illness or other reasons, or the separation of loved ones. It is as if life wants to tell us, especially us believers in God Almighty: If we are truly believers, then there are only moments of happiness after which we fill life with contentment, followed by death and the extension of life to the grave and then to eternity in Paradise under the will of God Almighty.
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